Upon-tyne



A@In M0de1 3 sheets-sheet 1. J. J. BUTCHER 8v J. H. WSTBR.

GAS REGULATING BURNER.

No.340,030. I Patented Apr. 13, 1886.

Nv PEYERS, Phummiwgmphar. wnmingmn, D. t;

WIK/1453515225.

(N0 Model.) 8 Sheets-Sheet 2.

`J. J. BUTGHER 8u J. H. WSTER.

GAS REGULATING BURNER.

Patented Apr. 13, 1886.

\No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

J. J. BUTCHEB. & J. H. WUSTBR.

- GAS RBGULATING BURNER. No. 340,030. Patented Apr. 13, 1886.

UNTTED STATES PATENT OEEICEG JOSEPH JOHN BUTOHER AND JOHANN HEINRICH WSTER, OF NEVCASTLD UPON-TYNE, COUNTY OF NORTHUMBERLAND, ENGLAND.

GAS-REGULATING BURNER.

,LHGEFECATION forming part of Letters Patent No.. 340,030, dated April 13, 1886.

Application filed July 528, i885. Serial No. 172,894. (No model): Patented in England May 36, 1885, No. 6,386.

T all 1072/0711/ it may con/cern.-

Be it known that we, JosEPH JOHN BUTcH- ER, of 4 St. Nicholas Buildings, and JOHANN HEINRICH WsTER, of 6 Blandford street,

bothin the city and county of Newcastle-upon- Tyne, England, engineers, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Lighting and Extinguishing Street and other Gas Lamps Automatically, of which the following isa full,

Io clear, and exact description.

XVe employ a small permanent flame (called sometimes a by-pass burner 7 or masterlight) beside the larger burner which has to be lighted, this small flame drawing its gas from behind the apparatus, or from a space within the apparatus to which gas from the main always has access.

The drawings serve to illustrate certai n'fornis of our apparatus and of' parts of the same.

Figure lis an elevation partly in section, Fig. 2 is a plan, and Fig. 3 asectional plan, of the valve and casing of our apparatus. Fig. 4 is asectional elevation, and Fig. 5 asectional plan, of the end of the outlet-pipe and lthrottling-plug. Fig. Gis an outside view of the apparatus with gas-burner and flame drawn to a smaller scale, and Fig. 7 is a view of a street-lamp with the apparatus fitted.

The gas enters the apparatus at a in the di- 3o rection shown by the arrows.

We usually form the outer casing of castiron, and in this case, to avoid drilling, the gas-passages may be formed by casting iron pipes into the same.

a is the inlet-passage shown as formed in this way, and at the top of this pipe a valve is shown, which controls the pressure of gas Within theapparatus when the gas is turned onto the burner.

Such a pressure-governor may or may not be used with our` apparatus, which is complete for automatic lighting without it.

B is the working part of the apparatus, and

l constitutes a valve actuated by the pressure 4 5 of the gas, and the edges of' which are sealed by mercury or other suitable fluid. In the further description of the apparatus this fluid will be assumed to be mercury, for shortness.

b b2 b3 are three concentric cylinders or tubes 5o joined by a 'coverplate, l, 'to which they are cemented or otherwise rigidly attached. b and b are deeper' than b2 and work within, and do not in the action of the apparatus emerge from, the mercury c. b2, however, is shorter, and of such length that when thc valve B is lifted by the gas its edge (or some portion of' its edge) emerges from the mercury, so as to allow the gas to liow freely l'rom the space D to the space E. Thev bent tube c leads from the space E down into the metal casing, and then up through the central axis of the apparatus. The inner tube,b3,is open throughout, and the tube e passes through it. so that the valve B is guided in its action by the tube e', which latter may be also made to serve the purpose of a holdingdown bolt for the cover F by screwing it at the top, as shown.

b5 is a cup for weights formed over the valve, and within it may be placed any suitable heavy material, such as iron filings or sand.

The mercury is contained in concentric annular grooves or ditches, each of which has a mean diameter equal to that of oneof' therings b', b, or b, and the ditch in which the ring bl2 works may be made shallower than the others in proportion to the lesser depth of that ring. Ve prefer to unite these ditches by a radial ditch or hole, so that the mercury can run freely from one to the other or others, so 'that it will constantly maintain a uniform surface throughout. The inner wall of the ditch in which the ring or tube b3 works may be formed by the pipe e and the end ofthe pipe a', and the shorter end of the pipe e may be conveniently made to rise into the valve through the radial ditches z z. (Shown in Fig. 3.)

Vhen, in the action of the apparatus, the gas is turned onto the main gas-burner, a distinct diminution of pressure is the result, so that unless a considerable eXtra area is exposed to the lifting-pressure of the gas the shorter tube would fall back to the surface of' the mercury, and bubbling and flickering ot' the flame-would result. This defect is, however, eifectually checked by exposing a large IOO of the pressure of the gas, until the pressure at which it is desired to put out the flames is reached. "lhus, if it is desired to light the lamps at a pressure of four and one-halfinches ot' water, the area D would be made of such extent that the valve would open at that press-V ure, and if it is then desired that the lamps shall not close until the pressure falls to one' and one-half inch of water the area Ev would be made of such extent that, together with the area D, (and the area of the ring b2, which is effective for lifting) it would sustainthe valve until the pressure of one and one-half inch is reached.

ln the illustrations the gas-inletis shown between the rings b2 and ba method which is found convenient when the opening-pressure is high and the closing-pressureis low, as the required lifting-surfaces thus permit of the disanee, measured radially, between the rings b3 and b2 being approximately equal to this distance between the rings b2 and b. Vhere, however, the difference between the opening and closing pressures is not required to be so great, it Imay be convenient to allow the gas to first enter between the rings b and b and emerge from the space between the rings b2 and". In this case the channel a would enter the valve between the rings b and b2, and the pipe e' would be made to lead from between the rings b`l andbs to the axis of the-apparatus, thence passing upward through the tube or ring b3, as shown in Fig. 1.

The apparatus may be arranged to govern the pressure of the gas being supplied to the f'lame when the valve is open. This may be done by suspending a small valve (shown at f) from the cover-plate of the valve B, which is made so as to close as 'thevalve B rises. The governing-valve is so formed that it does not begin to throttle the inlet-passage until the gas is fully turned on to the burner by the aetonof the valve B. After the ring b'l has, however,einerged from the mercury, and when the gas flows freely from the space D to the space E, the governor val ve f approaches itsA seat, so as to throttle the gas-supply, and the pressure ofthe gas within the valve is thus diminished until its rise is checked,` the gas- .pressure within the valve being just sufficient to sustain its weight.

g is a guide-pin screwed into the ring Z)4 and working within a drilled hole in the casting, the object of which is to prevent the valve B from turning round and thus displacing the Small valvej'.

A further means for preventing the small valve or pressure #governor f from getting out of alignment with the pipe a is afforded by its seat, that is formed of a short tube fitted on the upper end of the pipe a.

I The upper endof this tube forms the valvel freelyflows through this opening. 'The two of this governor is limited byv the closingpressure of the apparatus, below which it can never reduce the pressure within Dand E. It

within the valve, and a `lower pressure may be the outlet-pipe. is shown in Figs. 4 and 5,where the end ofthe screwed into it. In this plug atapered groove, j, is cut',and by adjusting the plug the passage gas can be increased or diminished. It is however evident that this object may be effected in a variety of ways.

the free flow in and out of the air as t-he valve B falls and rises. y

outside of the apparatus. A is the box containing the valve, and F the cover. L is an Aordinary gasgovernorfsuch as is usually used oustreetlampsand which ls made in this case ,to act as the nut for screwing down the cover F. M is the brass pipe leading to the bnmer N, and O is the` flame. l? is the protectingsupplied with in Fig. 1

to a street-lamp, and the valve-box` A F will be seen between the head of the lamp-post and the bottom of the lamp.

might be used for turning on the gas when the latter was ignited by other means than b v that of a small flame, and we therefore do not confine ourselves to this means of ignition.

Theaction of the` apparatus is as follows:l

ally, and the rise of pressure will not affect the street-lamps fitted with our automatic `lighting apparatus until the full lighting-pressure is attained'. the edge of the shorter hanging cylinder yor ring b2 emerges from the mercury andy capes into the space E. This will increase th lifting-force applied to the valve suddenly, so

for the outflow of the gas toward the burner. When later in the evening the pressure is again turned down, as is customary asthe shop and household'L consumption diminishes, the

gas sustains the valve in its open position until the pressure of the gas has fallen tothe seat, and is closed, with the exception of av small opening through which the stem of thev` valve or governor passes, and the gas also guides thus formed by the valve-seatk and pin" g eectually prevent displacement of the valve Y or governor f. It is obvious that the action- 'pipe is screwed internally, and the plug h isk allowed by the groove for the outflow of the Fig. Gis a view, on a smaller scale, of the Y 95 l f Fig. Z is a view showing the apparatus fixed Y The cup b5 is so weighted as to prevent the' valve from lifting until the pressure arranged for lifting is attained. The gas may therefore A beturned on as usual from the works gratin? Then the valve will rise, so that.

that it will rise fully and allow ample room f will, however, secure a constant pressure readilyy obtained at the burner by throttling Y A simple means of doing this k is an air-holein the cover to permit of Y casing of the small permanent flame, which isv j,

gas by thepipe Q. (Shown also It is evident that the automatic valve B l,

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increased area exposed to the pressure of ythe f mains the same in all lamps, then while the closing-pressure, when, the bottom edge of the ring b`2 once more touching the surface of the mercury, an immediate diminution of pressure takes place in the space E and sudden closure results.

In iitting the lamps throughout a district with these appliances it may be desirable to so arrange that the lamps in one street light earlier than in another street, or that some of the lamps-such as every alternate lamp or every third lamp-light earlier than others, so that there is an increase of the artificial light with the decrease of the natural light. XVhen it is desired to do this with our apparatus, the purpose may be effected either by supplying one set of lamps with apparatuses in which the valve B is weighted more heavily than in the rest, so that the former set of valves may not open until the gas-pressure rises higher than is required to open the valves of the other lamps, or by making a difference between the relation of the area D to the area E in one set of apparatuses from that relation in the other set. By either of these means one set of lamps may be made to light at one pressure an d another set at auothersay, for the` sake of illustration, that one set of lamps may be arranged so astolightat three and one-halfinches pressure, a second set at four-inches pressure, and yet a third set at fourand one-half inches pressure. lf this is effected by different weighting of similar valves, then those valves which are most heavily weighted will open last, and if, when it is intended to put the lamps out, the pressure is gradually diminished, these lamps will go out first. Il', however, the purpose is effected by differences of area, as by the area D being larger in one set of valves than in the others, while the total area sustaining the valves-that is, the area D, together with the area E-relamps will light at different pressures they may be made to all extinguish at the same pressure and simultaneously. It', however, it is desired to make the lamps all light at the same pressure, but extinguish at different pressures, this may be done by so arranging that all the valves have the lifting-area D equal, but that one set of lamps have valves in which the sustaining-areas E are larger than in the others.l Then those in which the areas E are smaller may be closed first, and those in which the areas E are larger will remain open until the gas-pressure is still further reduced.

Having now described the nature of our said invention and the manner in which it is to be performed, we declare that we claimn 1. rlhe combination of the outer casing, A, provided with a series of annular iiuid grooves or chambers, connected by transverse slots .e 2', the inlet-pipe extending to a point at or near the tops of said chambers, with the vertically-movable valve B, consisting of the cover-plate bt, the concentric cylinders b b b3, extending into the said annular grooves or chambers, the cylinder b2 being of less depth than the other cylinders, and the cover F, screwing on the outer casing, A, above the valve, substantially as set forth.

2. The combination, with the outer casing, its annular duid-chambers, and the inlet-pipe, of the vertically-movable valve consisting of a cover, and depending cylinders registering with the iiuid chambers, an outletpipe leading from the space between the valvetop and fluid-chambers to the burner, and an adjustable pressure-governor for the inlet and the outlet pipes, substantially as set forth.

3. The combination, with the casting A, having the central opening, a, the inlet-pipe a, inclining outward and upward from said opening, the communicating concentric chambers, one being of less depth than the others, and the bent outlet-pipe having a short arm and a long arm, the latter extending up through the center of the casting, of the vertically-movable-valve consisting of a cover apertured centrally to slide on the long arm of the outlet-pipe, and provided with the depending cylinders entering the chambers, the cylinder for the shallow chamber being shorter than the others, substantially as set forth.

4. The combination, with the casting A, having the annular chambers described, the central aperture, a, the inclined inlet-pipe a', the bent outletpipe e', the long arm of which extends up through and above the center of the casting, and threaded, the valve B b If" b3, vertically movable on the long arm of the outlet-pipe, and the casing-cover F, having screw-threaded portion to register with the threads on said long arm, substantially as set forth.

5. The combination, with the casting A, its fluid-chambers, inlet and outlet pipes, of the verticallymovable valve B, provided with a guide for preventing its revolution, and having cylinders registering With the duid-chambers, and the pressure-regulator f over the upper open end of the inlet-pipe and secured adjustably to the top I1* of the valve B, substantially as set forth.

6. The combination, with the casting A, its fluid-chambers, and inlet and outlet pipes, of the vertically-movable valve B, having the depending cylinders b b2 b3, the pressuregovernor f, directly over the top of the inletpipe, and the depending guide-pin g, working in a hole in the casting A, substantially as set forth. y

rlhe foregoing specification of our improvement in lighting and extinguishing street and other gas lamps automatically signed by us this 11th day of July, 1885.

JOSEPH JOHN BUTOHER.' JOHANN HEIN RICH W USTER. lVitnesses:

NORMAN O. CooKUR, Lead rllamfacurer, Newcastle-upon Tyne.

THoMAs WILLIAM Bonson, 56 Cramer St., Gateshead-@gooit-Tyne.

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